Multi-Temporal Shoreline Change Detection Using Satellite Imagery and GIS for Abrasion and Accretion Assessment in Mempawah Coast
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31571/ijcmasted.v1i1.1087Keywords:
coastal erosion, mangrove restoration, breakwater effectiveness, sediment dynamics, integrated coastal managementAbstract
This study examines the spatio-temporal dynamics of coastal erosion and accretion in Mempawah, West Kalimantan, from 1972 to 2025, using multi-temporal satellite imagery, GIS analysis, and field validation. The results reveal a critical shift from net erosion (1972–1990) to net accretion (2000–2025), driven by the synergistic implementation of breakwaters and mangrove restoration. Coastal villages like Mempawah Hilir and Kuala Secapah experienced severe erosion (139,04 ha in 2010–2020) due to high-energy waves and limited sediment supply, while riverine villages such as Sungai Kunyit benefited from sediment deposition, achieving minimal erosion (2,01 ha) and significant accretion (26,59 ha). Breakwaters proved effective in villages with >90% coverage (e.g., Sungai Duri I, II), reducing erosion to near zero, but were less effective in areas with partial coverage (e.g., Sungai Bakau Besar Laut, 10,13%). Mangroves played a complementary role, dissipating wave energy and trapping sediments, particularly in Tanjung (2.897,62 m thickness). However, agricultural expansion and urbanization disrupted sediment pathways, exacerbating erosion in some areas while enhancing accretion in others. The Kapuas River sustained accretion in Peniti Luar and Pulau Panjang, whereas shorter rivers failed to offset sediment loss. Integrated watershed-coastal management is essential to address these disparities, as highlighted by global best practices. This study offers a template for sustainable coastal management in data-scarce regions.
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